MODULATORY ROLE OF CABBAGE (Brassica olaeracae) SUPPLEMENT ON BLOOD GLUCOSE AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN ALLOXAN – INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS
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MODULATORY
ROLE OF CABBAGE (Brassica olaeracae) SUPPLEMENT ON BLOOD GLUCOSE AND SOME
PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN ALLOXAN – INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS
ABSTRACT
Diabetes
mellitus is a global health problem affecting with more people in developing
than developed countries. Insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs have remained the
corner stone for the management of diabetes mellitus. Unfortunately, apart from
having a number of side effects, none of the oral synthetic hypoglycemic agents
has been successful in maintaining euglycaemia. The use of medicinal plants for
the treatment of diabetes mellitus has gained recognition and recommendation by
the World Health Organization especially in developing countries where access
to the conventional treatment is expensive and not readily accessible.
Various
plants and plant extracts have been found to play an important role in the
treatment of diabetes and these plants were believed to have hypoglycemic
properties. Cabbage is one of such medicinal plants, whose therapeutic
application has a folkloric background. The plant enjoys widespread reputation
as a remedy for various ailments. Most of the research work done on cabbage has
been on extract. Hence, a scientific verification of its use as a supplement in
food would be important in establishing a pharmacological basis for some of the
claimed ethnomedicinal uses of the plant. This scientific verification forms
the basis of the present investigation using animal models. The aim of the
study is to determine the modulatory role of cabbage supplement on blood
glucose levels and some physiological parameters in alloxan induced diabetic
Wistar rats. While the objectives were to determine the effects of cabbage on
serum glucose levels, to determine the effects of cabbage on lipid profile and
also to determine the effects of cabbage on serum liver enzymes activities on
alloxan induced diabetic Wistar rats respectively. The study was designed to
investigate the effect of cabbage supplement on blood glucose, lipid profile
and serum liver enzymes on alloxan induced diabetic Wistar rats. A total of
twenty five Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 100 – 150 g were used. They were
randomly allocated into five groups of five rats (n = 5 rats/group). Group one
were diabetic rats given distilled water and served as the negative control.
Group two were diabetic rats that received 5 mg/kg b/w of glibenclamide orally
and served as positive control. While, groups three, four and five were
diabetic rats that received 10, 25 and 50% cabbage supplement, respectively.
All groups were treated for thirty days. Blood glucose and some physiological
parameters including lipid profile, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine
aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), were measured in all
rats. Blood glucose level was significantly (p< 0.05) reduced in treated
diabetic rats in comparison to the diabetic control rats. In addition, serum
total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were
significantly decreased (p<0 .05="" a=""
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Diabetes is
a disease which affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fat due
to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin secretion with or without varying
degree of insulin resistance (Asadujjaman et al., 2011). The number of
individuals with diabetes has been increasing due to population growth, aging,
urbanization, and increasing prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity
(Sarah et al., 2004). The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated the
diabetic population to increase up to 300 million or more by the year 2025
(Patel et al.,
2012). The
most important distinctive feature of diabetes is an elevated blood glucose
concentration, but this abnormality is just one of a number of biochemical and
physiological changes that occur (Olaitan, 2012). Hypercholesterolemia and
hyper triglyceridemia are common complications of diabetes mellitus (Akhtar et
al., 2007). The treatment of diabetes mainly involves the use of hypoglycaemic
drugs in addition to insulin but the unwanted side effects of these drugs
prompted a demand for new compounds for the treatment of diabetes (Asadujjaman
et al., 2011). The drive for change from orthodox to herbal medicines is to an
extent due to theadverse reactions, undesirable side effects of synthetic
drugs, the cost of buying modern antidiabetic drugs, which is beyond the reach
of the lower class citizens and the belief that natural products are safer to
the biological systems (Mohammed et al., 2007). It has now become necessary to
search for new compounds in order to overcome these problems, and several
traditional medicines are now used to manage diabetes mellitus in different
societies all over the continents (Raju et al., 2011).
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