THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL STUDIES ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY FOUR PUPILS TAUGHT MATHEMATICS IN ORON LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF AKWA IBOM STATE
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THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL STUDIES ON
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY FOUR PUPILS TAUGHT MATHEMATICS IN ORON LOCAL
GOVERNMENT AREA OF AKWA IBOM STATE
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
This chapter has to do with the
following concept as related to this investigation
Background of the study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Significance of the study
Research questions
Basic assumption of the study
Delimitation of the study
Limitation of the study and
Definition of terms
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Social
studies, the pivot on the entire social science oriented courses is originated
from has generated a lot of worries among pupils in most primary institutions
in the country for years. Apart from the fact that the present Nigerian society
needs social studies for a better understating of the structure of the society,
the activities of its members and human behaviour, there is need to endure
understanding of the subject, which will emanate from individual
self-perception.
In
order to solve any problem the roof of the problem need be reveal. This
research sought determine the extent which social studies influences pupil’s
academic performance as well as stimulates general awareness on the need to
develop positive attitude towards social studies.
Several
theoretical frameworks exist within which attitude formation and changes have
been studied. The first was functionalism. The functionalists attempt is to
understand the reason people hold they attitude they do. Unless we know the
psychological need which is met by holding of an attitude, we are in a poor
position to predict when and how it will change. The functionalists approach to
attitude formation has not stimulated much research (Freedman, Sears, &
Carlsmith, 2007). Another theoretical dimension to the study of altitude
formation and change was structuralism. Their approach invests attitude with
perceptual, emotional, and motivational attributes, traditionally called
cognitive, affective and conative (or action tendency) components. These
attributes interact to determine whether an attitude will be positive or
negative. As a rule favorable attitude are characterized by positive directions
for all the dimension, unfavourable attitude tend to involve the reverse
(Clifford, D. 1990).
Attitude
toward a school subject is not innate but learned or developed, according to
Glaser (1990), there is a great deal of interest in the application of learning
theory to instructional issues and acquisition of knowledge.
The
influence of social studies do affect pupils academic performance in a positive
or negative way depending on their perception, which is always as a result of home background,
culture, teacher, environmental factor etc.
According
to previous finding the level in which the influences of social studies affect
the academic performance of any child has to do with the child’s attitude the
subject. The problem the entire world, not only Nigeria is facing now in social
studies is caused by home background. Many parents do inculcate in their
children a different perception towards it society, contrary to what is
stipulated in the curriculum. Thus, in most cases is as a result of cultural
diversity; this will automatically influence the child.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Unfortunately, social studies, which included
in the primary school curriculum not only to inculcate in the pupils, their
civic rights in the society as well as their duties and obligation to the
society, but also to educate them on the characteristics of its society
(locality, organisation, durability, and self-identification), is one of the
most poorly evaluated, widely hated and abysmally understood subject in Nigeria
Primary School system (Akpan 2000). It may have been lack of qualified teachers
(Parsons, 1916); lack of space and materials (2003) and poor parental
background (Nwangu, 2000) among others must have influenced the academic
achievement of pupils in social studies.
The
extent in which influence of social studies interferes with academic work of
the learners is worth investigating.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The study investigates the influence
of social studies on the academic performance of primary four pupils taught
Mathematics in Oron Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State.
Specifically,
the research work aims at the following objectives;
To find out whether the influence of social
studies do affect primary four mathematics pupils academic performance
To determine the relationship between boys
and girls influence of social studies on their academic performance.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study would be an immense
contribution towards the achievement in educational sector, especially in
social studies, the root of all social science oriented courses. The result of
this study would assist parents, teachers and government as well as our
education experts in all ramifications.
It
would make available information for use on further study on influence of
social studies in schools.
It
would assist not only the learners, but teachers, parents, even government of
their role toward ensuring a successful social studies education.
The
outcome of this study will help students/pupils to check their behaviour in
social studies class and as well direct them on what is needed in order to
cultivate a positive attitude toward social studies.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The
study seeks to answer the following questions;
Does the influence of social studies affect
the academic performance of primary four pupils in Oron Local Government Area?
To what extent does the influence of social
studies affect the academic performance of males and females primary four
pupils in Oron.
1.6 BASIC ASSUMPTION OF THE STUDY
(i) It is assumed that social studies do
influence pupils, therefore may be the cause of their negative attitude toward
the subject.
(ii) This “influence do affect pupils’
performance in academic work depending on the level.
(iii) The respondents would supply correct
answers in the questionnaire
1.7 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This
research work should be delimited into the following units;
Influence of social studies.
Academic performance of pupils
Gender differences
Attitude of teachers and learners (factors)
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This research has a lot of limitation
that are worth mentioning. The problem of transportation to get information
from the pupils. The short time given for the completion of this research work
has been a great limiting factor.
In
considering the associated cost of undertaking this research study and in view
of time limitation, few schools were selected for the study using stratified
sampling technique.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
The definition of terminologies used
is conceptually and operationally defined to suit the purpose of this study.
Influence:
The power or effect that something has to make somebody behave in a particular
way. Thus, it can be rated as either positive or negative.
Academic
Achievement: This refers to the knowledge and skills developed in school
subject which leads to pupils scores in the subjects as determined by their
promotion examination or any achievement test.
Academic
Performance: This refers to the pupil’s performance in criterion reference test
set by the investigator.
Attitude:
They way you think and feel about something. It is an evaluation favourable or
unfavourable of some person, objects, event or idea. In this context, it has to
do with the pupil’s perspective, views and their mental position toward social
studies in relation to its influence on them.
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