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INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FOREST
RESOURCES IN ABIA STATE, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
Forest, which is a major source of resources in Nigeria, is
currently facing accelerated degradation and depletion. The growing demand for
ecosystem services from forests has led to over-exploitation of the resources,
resulting in the extinction of some valuable species. This has continued to
impact negatively on the capacity of the forests to mitigate climate change,
conserve biodiversity, safeguard wildlife, and protect land and watershed.
Approaches to forest management in Nigeria have not involved
women in their desired perspective, irrespective of their dominant role in
collection of forest produce. The influence of gender relationships on access
to forests and forest resource management and sustainability has remained a
concern to scholars and practitioners. This concern informed the need for this
study. The broad objective of this study was to examine the effects of gender
on sustainable management of forest resources in Abia State, Nigeria. The
specific objectives of the study were to: identify and examine the
participation of male and female farmers in the ownership and conservation of
forest resources; identify and describe the various forest management practices
and to examine the factors influencing the decision of men and women in the adoption
of improved forest resource conservation measures. Others include; examine, the
level of adoption of forest resource conservation strategies between the male
and female farmers; analyze gender distribution of benefits from forest
resource exploitation, analyze perceived importance of forest conservation
factors among male and female farmers and examine the major constraints
militating against forest resource conservation and management.
Relevant data for the study were generated mainly through the
administration
of structured questionnaire to farmers, randomly selected from 6
LGAs. A total of 240
respondents comprising 120 male and 120 female farmers was drawn
from the 410,435 farm
families in the state. Information collected include
socio-economic characteristics of the
farmers, environmental and institutional factors, gender access
to forest resource benefits and
forest resource conservation factors. Data generated were
analyzed using percentages,
frequencies, likert rating scale and Tobit regression model.The
major findings were that: use
of improved forest management practices was almost non-existent
as against the traditional
management practices that were common; female farmers in the
study area adopted more
improved forest conservation measures than their male
counterparts. Tobit regression
analysis showed that the coefficient of gender, land ownership,
and dependence on forest for
income were negative and significantly (p < 0.05) affected
the adoption of improved forest
resource conservation practices of the farmers, while credit
access and gender discrimination
in forest resource exploitation were positive and significant (p
< 0.05). The analysis also
indicated that forest resource management and conservation is
driven by household size, land
ownership, credit access, gender discrimination and dependence
on forest for income and
energy.
The study, among others, recommended the pursuit of forestry
management plan with
emphasis on gender mainstreaming in forest conservation and
management; improved
extension outreach to forest dependent communities; pursuance of
community based training
programmes on forest management and conservation, with emphasis
on those resources that
are facing the risk of depletion/extinction; and the orientation
of village heads on their role as
custodians of natural resources in their communities.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the
Study
1.2 Statement of the
Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the
Study
1.4 Significance of the
Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research
Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and
Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the
Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sources of
Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of
Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring
Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations
for Further Study
References
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