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THE ROLE OF
MASS MEDIA IN EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERAL
A CASE STUDY
OF NTA ENUGU
ABSTRACT
This examine
the role of mass medial in educational development in Nigeria. The background centre on the role of mass medial
in educational development in Nigeria finding out whether television plays an
effective role in formal education.
The
researcher has attempted to carry out series of analysis and study to confirm
that the NTA programme-“Science for schools” actually perform its educational
role.
This study
confirms that the programme actually projects the educational contribution of
this all important television programme, which is admired and enjoyed by most
secondary school students inspite of their different handicaps.
TABLE OF
CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Background
of study
Research
problem
Hypotheses
References
CHAPTER TWO
Literature
review
References
CHAPTER
THREE
Research
methodology
Research
method
Definition
of terms
CHAPTER FOUR
Presentation
and inter
Presentation
of data
CHAPTER FIVE
Conclusion
Recommendations
References
Bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Mass medial
has assumed a very important position in the educational development in
Nigeria. This accounts for the
introduction of the universal free primary Education-UPE in 1996 and the
establishment of new primary, secondary and post secondary school over the
country.
The
word-Education could be defined in various ways. In a very broad sense, education could be
defined to include every agency which enables an individual to master his
physical and social environment of which he is a member, it could be defined as
an act of teaching, bringing up, instructing or enlightening.
For the
purpose of this study, education will be defined as an organisaed and formal
instruction which is given in educational establishments such as schools,
colleges and universities.
Education
has an important role to play in the economy of a nation. The most important economic function of
education is that of ensuring that the nation’s need for a labour force is
satisfied. Nigeria-a modern
industrializing society-news, not just a great deal of man-power, but good
quality manpower, the quality and quantity manpower to a large extent
controlled by the educational system.
Education
also has a political role to play in the Nigeria society.
The
stability of any autonomous political unit depends upon two criteria consensus
of opinion.
About the
assumption underlying. The system, and
the ability of the system to provide leaders from within itself in both cases,
education has an important role to play.
However,
formal education in Nigeria is no longer confined to educational establishment only. The mass media have, in recent times, taken a
bold and positive step towards enhancing educational development in the
country. An example is the Enugu
Television station (ETV) University of the Air.
Mass
media-Communication comprises the institutions and technique by which
specialized groups employ technological devices, that is the press, Television,
Radio, Films, theat disseminate information to large heterogenenous and widely
dispersed audience.
This study
is particularly concerned with Television and its contribution to educational
advancement in the country.
1.1 THE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Educational
broadcasting/Television-WNBC/TV Ibandan in 1964.
Later in the
same year, educational broadcasting spread to Kaduna, the seat of the Northern
states.
In 1965 the
Eastern Nigeria Broadcasting Service (Television-EWBC/TV-Started what looked
like educational broadcasting with the help of the Eastern Nigeria Ministry of
Education, but the programming then was mainly informed, comprising what Elihu
Katz and George Wedell might describe as extensive Educations.
A typical
Enbc/tu programme in this category was the “Tortoise club a programme for very
young children.
This type of
programming continued until the out-break of the Nigerian civil war in 1966, at
the restoration of pea;e om 1970, Television stations did not function until
1972.
Later in
1973, NTA, Lagos revived its educational programme by introducing some foreign
films on science. This programme was
meant for children between the ages of ten and fifteen.
It was at
this point that the idea of schools broadcast in science came up and was
introduced in many of the Nigeria Television Stations in the country.
NTA channel
8, Enugu was one of the television stations that introduced schools broadcast
in science in its programme schedule.
So in 1996,
the station started a formal educational programme which they called “Science
for schools” This programme was then ministry of Education Headquaters,
Enugu. Later, the co-operation shifted
from the ministry to the principal education officers, Mrs F. Nwakoby.
The format
for the production of the programme was mainly provided by the center. But in the early part of 1977, the
educational department of NTA channel 8 became autonomous with a graduate in
science heading it.
And from
then the format for the production of the programme became the responsibility
of the department.
The
programme is made up of lectures in chemistry and biology. It is broadcast on Mondays at 5.30 pm and
lasts for thirty minutes. The production
is serial, one subject matter leading to the development of another the scheme
is drawn along side the school certificate syllabus in chemistry and
biology. It has, as large audience,
students in class three, four and five in secondary school who are offering
chemistry and Biology the school certificate examination.
1.2 RESEARCH PROBLEM
According to
the programme producers, the programme “Science for schools” is designed.
1. To enhance the teaching of science
in higher schools. The students, through
this formal educational programme, are encouraged to develop greater interest
in science subjects that produces a gateway to higher hopes towards
technological advancement in Nigeria.
2. To compliment and supplement
classroom education.
3. To broaden and deepen knowledge in
science
4. To encourage intellectual development
structure.
5. To provide tutorial on curriculum
subjects
In is
noteworthy that apart from “Science for schools” produced for lower secondary
schools students. It is broadcast on
Tuesdays at 5.00pm and lasts for thirty minutes.
“Teaching
Igbo” for primary schools pupils. This
is aired on the days at 5.30pm and lasts for thirty minutes:- schools
challenge” for secondary school.
Students broadcasting on Wednesdays at 5.30pm and lasts for thirty
minutes.
But this
study concentrates on “Science for schools” and is designed to determine
whether this programme has achieved the aims and objectives for which it was
established. It is aimed at finding out
whether the television is playing an effective role in formal education.
In studying
“Science for schools” the researcher intends to find out, scienctifically
whether the students who are the promme target audience are conversant with the
programme and whether they are gaining anything from it.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To enlighten the educational systems
in Nigerian through the mass media.
2. To make the students know the value
of television.
3. To actualize the claim that day
students have more access to television than boarders.
4. To know the total number of people
that has access to television sets.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1. To show that mass media has gone
along way to enhance or facilitate education in Nigeria.
2. To show that television viewing
Nigeria has multiplied ant at greater number of people has access to it.
3. To enlighten the masses on the
educative aspect of the television and to allow them air their views through
feed back.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. Does media in any sense contribute
to the enhancement of the societal academic pursuit.
2. Have the country discovered the
uniqueness of media in the encouragement of education in the society.
3. Can watching television improve the
knowledge of the people in the society?
4. Does mass media help to enlighten
the students in their education.
1.6 HYPOTHESES
Hi: Media contributes to the enhancement of
society.
Ho: Medial does not contribute to enhancement
of society.
H2: The country has discovered the uniqueness
of media in the encouragement of education in the society.
Ho: The country has not discovered the
uniqueness of media in the encouragement of education in the society.
H3: Watching television improves the knowledge
of the people in the society.
Ho: Watching television does not improve the
knowledge of the society.
H4: mass media does not help to enlighten the
students in their education.
Ho: mass media does not help to enlighten the
students in their education.
1.7 CONCEPTUAL AND OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
1. TELEVISION: As it is used in this study means an
instrument used in the dissemination of information making use of audio visuals
and intended to reach larger heterogeneous and widely dispersed audience.
2. BROADCASTING: This is an act of
dissemination information to widely dispersed audience.
3. POPULARITY: As used in this work, popularity means
to be known, pleasing and useful to the target audience.
1.8 ASSUMPTIONS
The use of
mass media in educational development in Nigeria has contributed a lot in the
widening of the peoples knowledge in the society and also the scope of mass
media in the society, media equipment are things like the television, radio and
other electronic sets which are meant to give out in formation objectively
through their effective usage to educate the poor masses.
Television
as the study is used as the center points have numerous realities in its
contribution to the educational advancement in the society.
More useful
information is dismissed through the Television sets. It has equally gone to the extent of
entertaining the students and keeping them abstract in the happenings around
the society.
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