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FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE
STUDY
It has been the general assumption that children with
reasonable physical care would grow into normal happy adulthood. But scientific
investigations of psychologists, sociologist and psychiatrists regarding
personality development has uncovered the greater importance of the growing up
and its lasting effects on the total personality of a person. Adult personality
has its root in childhood. What we can do as adult is largely determined by
ways in which we were allowed into experience inevitable events of childhood.
Thus the aim of this research work is to shed more light on the issue of child
abuse and neglect in Kaduna South Local Government of Kaduna State.
A child is neglected when he lacks continues physical and
emotional contact with his mother. Children under this category are those may
be due to lose of mother or both parents or the separation of both parents,
thus child may be sent to nursery school or orphanages with many children which
makes it difficult for special individual attention to be rendered to each
child. Those children are therefore brought up by stranger which could be
changed at different times due to the shift of their study. Child abuse on the other hand can be defined
as the portion of harm to children that result from human action or in action
that is prescribed, proximate and preventable. The definition recognizes that
such harm is no accident but something perpetrated on children by others,
usually intestinal and that the actors inflicting this harm do not enjoy
society approval. It is also point out that abuse generally come from the child
immediate environment and that it is preventable child neglect is a passive
form of maltreatment or abuse UNICEF (1986).
1.2 HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND
Kaduna South Local Government Area was created on 23rd
September 1991 by the Babangida’s regime. Hitherto it was part and parcel of
Kaduna Local Government. The Local Government Council has its headquarter
located at Makera, comprising of two districts namely: Tudun Wada and Makera,
each district headed by a district head and supported by village and wards
councilors, Kaduna South shares common boundary with Kaduna North to the North
West. The two districts share common boundary with the other districts located
in the three local government area. Kaduna South has a population of 373,576 as
per 2006 census.
Education
However, in the education, the area is having about (29)
public schools in which (8) primary schools and in Tudun Wada and (13) in
Makera and five (5) secondary schools in Tudunwada and three (3) in
Makeri. Furthermore, the area is having
private nursery/primary and secondary schools approximately one hundred and
twenty four (124) i.e. 80 in Tudun Wada and (44) in Makera district. Adult education programmes and constructed
apart from the various vocational training centres, run by various
organizations like (YMCA). Apart from Kaduna Polytechnic as a higher
institution of learning. There is a prison school at Barnawa, Health
Institution like the school of Nursing and Midwifery and school of psychiatric
Barnawa.
There are over fifty (50) large and small scale industries
that abound in the local government and some include, textile, defence
corporation, Nigeria Breweries, Peugeot Automobile, KFCC, fertilizer
superphosphate, pharmaceutical company, blanket industry just to mention a
few. To boost commercial activities in
the local government area and the markets and up to R. Tourist attractions and
hotels, the council has six (6) tourist areas and about twelve (12) hotels.
Kaduna South Local Government areas well connected by road, bridges and railway
line system. Thus, the above mentioned
geographical, emotional, educational and administrative features taken together
given Kaduna South its unique characteristics. It was discover that the
habitants have little or no knowledge of what child abuse is. Some with dishes roaming the street and
begging for food and aims for certain belief. They were also denied educational
pursuit and a child right to decide for themselves what they want to become in
future. Without being told, you will see for yourself how little children hawk
around from morning till evening for financial support, this researcher
strongly, belief is one of the causes of child abuse and neglect because this
kind of occupation endangers the child’s life and expose him to hard
situation.
1.3 STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
The researcher’s concern to delve into the affairs of CHILD
ABUSE AND NEGLECT in Kaduna South Local Government Area of Kaduna State becomes
necessary because the record available to this researcher shows that since the
creation of Kaduna South from the former Kaduna local government there was not
been any necessary attempt for research work into the activities of child abuse
and neglect. However, it is widely
believed that the good image of any social or community depend largely on the
social background of its children. Therefore, the problem of child abuse in the
local government has been a total neglect in large extent. A situation brought
about probably by the undesirable element in our society mostly associated with
women folk and partly perhaps the government who have not given enough
attention to the ugly situation in the area but rather sitting on chairs in
offices. Based on this, the researcher will seriousness wishes to know the
activities to the authority concerned with the affairs of child abuse, towards
educating the people of the area and of course suggest ways on how to improve
and implements their programme towards making the entire area a conducive place
of living.
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE
STUDY
The following are the objectives of the study:
a. To identify the
factors responsible for child neglect
b. To determine the
factors responsible for child neglect
c. To identify the
factors responsible for child abuse
d. To determine the
rating of the factors responsible for child abuse
1.5 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
The following research question guided the study:
a. The absence of either parent in any family setting can
also perhaps bring about child abuse
b. Roaming the street and begging for food and aims for certain belief will
equally bring in child abuse
c. The act of
ignorance among the parent will make a child not go to school but hawk all day
and that also brings in child abuse
d. The occupational
pressure of the working parent is also a contributing factor to child
abuse
1.6 SCOPE OF THE
STUDY
The study is the opportunity to do or achieve something which
children are being abuse of more to say, production of two many children to the
wide world and not taking care of them should be eradicated by family planning
to space the recreation of babies. However, the absence of mother in any family
setting can also perhaps bring about child abuse and the study is out in
looking for the suitable solution of resolving it, through the government and
the societal people to be aware of the child to try to come affection, warmth
etc.
Finally, the scope of the study is to improve the standard of
living of clued not by seen influence by
an absent of one parent and two much of giving birth of babies. The government should Endeavour to encourage
agencies to treat such a social ill or evil in the society.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF
THE STUDY
The study is an attempt to provide evidence and identify
pattern of child abuse and neglect with a view to offering suggestion and
recommendations that will date the level. This study would be of immense value
to parents, counseling teachers of low level of educational and children. The
finding and suggestion resulting from this study will go along way in helping
parent and guidance to know irritating utterance or actions it have on youth
and children or young once which can be economically, psychological or society
which will enable parents, adult to adjust in order to ensure smooth
development of children. It will also addressed the practical problem which
when left will cut at the very root of civilized ethics particularly significant at present a bold attempt to go
into an area of scarcity literature.
1.8 DEFINITION OF
TERMS
Child: Child is defined as a dependent person in the custody
of a parent or guardian for protection of his/her life.
Abuse: Is any deliberate act by a person: group of person of
society designed to inflict on a child or parent normal, mental physical,
emotional and normal development.
Neglect: This usually occurs when families fail on their own
part to provide the necessary need fro their children such as food, medical
care or being deprived of essential need of life or it is a situation were one
show a sign of suffering or lack of care and attention.
Child care: This is care which is supposed to be given to
children by those who are responsible for looking after them provide them with
child care facilities.
Child Abuse: Those are cruel treatment of children by adult
involving violence or sexual activities which is capable of affecting
physically, mentally and psychologically.
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