FACTORS MILITATING AGAINST THE TEACHING OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CRAFT PRACTICE IN GOVERNMENT TECHNICAL COLLEGES
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FACTORS
MILITATING AGAINST THE TEACHING OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CRAFT PRACTICE IN
GOVERNMENT TECHNICAL COLLEGES
ABSTRACT
The journey on the path of technical
education started as far back as in the 1930’s when the commission on Higher
Education proposed that the premises of Yaba Higher College should be converted
to a technical institute. In line with this arrangement a student was expected
to spend two years in general studied department and three years in an area of
specialization like the mechanical engineering craft department. Responses to
questions posed by the researcher have shown that mechanical engineering craft
practice is laudable but on the other hand, the country appears not prepared
for the effective implementation of this programme. There seems to be no
concrete arrangement on who to finance it and no proper orientation was made to
acquit teachers with the function of the scheme. The result of the analysis in
the preceding chapter shows that inadequacy of teachers, la ck of well equipped
workshop, lack of well equipped laboratories and libraries, non-availability of
finance and non provision of accessories are the major factors militating against
this course. It is hereby recommended that the government should provide
equipments, train instructional personnel for the programme, well equipped
laboratories and supply relevant and adequate text books to technical colleges.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Educational
from the beginning has been a strong instrument of change towards our economic,
social, political and technology development.
In he past
years, Nigeria has realized that she can attain self reliance through technological
advancement and so has placed serious emphasis on technology education (Eze
1996) technical or vocational education is one of he form of education that is
in existence before the introduction of western education in Nigeria. Oshuala
(1995:145) stated that technical education is an education designed at upper
secondary and lower tertiary levels to prepare middle level personnel and at
university level to prepare engineers and technologists for higher management
positions. The advanced Learner’s Dictionary as cited in Okorie (1981:29)
referred to technical education as “the phase of education which seeks to help
the students acquire special mechanical or manipulative skills required in
industrial arts or applied science”. A more detailed definition of technical
education was provided by the committee on research and publications of the
American Vocational Association which stated that vocational education is
“education designed to develop skills, abilities, understanding attitudes, work
habits and appreciations encompassing knowledge and information needed by
workers to enter and make progress in employment on a useful and productive
basis”. They are various skills taught as part of informal education, these are
farming, weaving, sculpturing, blacksmithing and so on.
When the
missionaries introduced western
education, they aimed at teaching Christian ethics, reading, writing,
arithmetic and later it was expanded and they introduced, farming, block laying
and carpentry as part of western education but these skills were not seriously regarded by pupils and
parents as an integral part of western education and the practice virtually
died out before the turn of the present century.
The
introduction of this course in Government Technical College Enugu State marks
the beginning of organized technical and vocational education in Nigeria. It
also marked the beginning of mechanical engineering craft practice. To be
sincere, the importance of mechanical engineering craft practice cannot be over
emphasized because effective technological education serves as a powerful
instrument for national development.
The national
policy on education (1971) defines technical education as aspect of education
which leads to the acquisition of practical and applied skill as well as basic
scientific knowledge. Engineering technology is important for the support it
gives directly or indirectly to man for her existence ad economical development
for comfort. Technology contributes very remarkably to the government revenue
and foreign exchange earning. These is however no doubt that the technology is
a basic foundation for our welfare sound economic development and technological
advancement.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PRBLEMS
It is found
that the objective for which mechanical engineering craft was introduced or
established in our various Government technical colleges more especially in
Enugu State is almost dying out in Enugu State. In this course the researcher
has taken interest to study the factors that militate against the teaching of
mechanical engineering craft practice in Government Technical Colleges in Enugu
State.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This study
tends to investigate the factor militating against the teaching of mechanical
engineering craft practice in government technical colleges in Enugu State.
Particularly, the study will tend to determine.
1. The qualification of teachers
teaching the course.
2. the quality of laboratory and
workshop equipment
3. the level of students interest in
the craft.
4. financing of the course/craft.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This
research work is aimed of investigating the factors militating against the teaching of mechanical
engineering craft practice in government technical colleges in Enugu urban and
Nsukka. It is limited to how financing, poorly equipped libraries, workshop,
classroom, teachers contribute to the factors which militate against the
teaching of mechanical engineering government technical colleges in Enugu
State.
1.5 SIG NIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
helps the government, parents an the entire society to know the importance of
mechanical engineering craft practice in Government technical colleges in Enugu
State. Also the study will help to achieve the aims and objectives for which
the course was introduced, that is “to produce individuals that are technologically
equipped to man the various sectors of our economy.
1.6 RESEACH QUESTIONS
The
following research questions will guide the study and will be used to tackle
the problems.
1. Does your school have enough facilities
for workshops, lab. Work, research and class space?
2. Are all your technical teachers adequately
trained?
3. How adequately does government fund
mechanical engineering craft programmes?
4. How often do you practice mechanical
engineering craft work?
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This
research project was intended for only government technical college in Enugu
and Nsukka to limited time interval and financial constraint.
This course
mechanical engineering craft is not that old in this state and as a result,
there is no enough literature about this craft, for this reason, the research
has actually made use of oral discussion, counterview articles and the news
media to gather information.
However, the
finding and recommendations made here will be of general application to the
government technical colleges in the other part of the country that have
mechanical engineering department.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Finance: This is the management of money
resources for educational purposes.
2. Funding: This means supplying stock or sum
of money in financial dealings on education.
3. Adequacy and Qualification of Teachers:
Adequacy here means sufficiency, enough and suitably while qualification is an
attributes of competency. The variable therefore means sufficient, enough,
suitable and competent teachers.
4. Well Equipped Workshop: A workshop is a
building where any work or craft is carried out. A well equipped workshop is
therefore a building that has all the requisite materials and facilities
necessary for the learner to develop manipulative and constructive skills.
5. Well Equipped Laboratories: A laboratories
is a building or room designed for scientific investigations or
experimentation, a place where chemical (or medicine) are prepared. A well
equipped laboratory is one that has all the necessary equipment and facilities
for experimentation.
1.9 WELL EQUIPPED LIBRARY
A library is
a collection of books or physic cal accommodation/room in which such a
collection of books is housed. A well equipped library therefore means a
collection of relevant textbooks as well as educative materials like film
slides, records tapes and so on.
This means
the research area from which sample is selected “sample” a smaller part of the
research area selected to represent the population.Technical college a
secondary school offering technical subject aimed at skills and ability
development.
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