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ASSESSMENT
OF FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR POOR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Poor
academic performance according to Aremu (2003) is a performance that is
adjudged by the examine/testee and some other significant as falling below an
expected standard. Poor academic performance has been observed in school
subjects especially Mathematics and English language among primary school
pupils (Adesemowo, 2005). Aremu (2000) stresses that academic failure is not
only frustrating to the pupils and the parents, its effects are equally grave
on the society in terms of dearth of manpower in all spheres of the economy and
politics.
Education at
primary school level is supposed to be the bedrock and the foundation towards
higher knowledge in tertiary institutions. It is an investment as well as an
instrument that can be used to achieve a more rapid economic, social,
political, technological, scientific and cultural development in the country.
The National Policy on Education (2004) stipulated that primary education is an
instrument for national development that fosters the worth and development of
the individual for further education and development, general development of
the society and equality of educational opportunities to all Nigerian children
irrespective of any real or marginal disabilities.
The role of
primary education is to lay the foundation for further education and if a good
foundation is laid at this level, there are likely to be no problem at
subsequent levels. However, different people at different times have passed the
blame of poor performance in primary school to pupils because of their low
retention, parental factors, association with wrong peers, low achievement, low
retention, and the likes (Aremu & Sokan, 2003; Aremu & Oluwole 2001;
Aremu, 2000). Morakinyo (2003) believe
that the falling level of academic achievement is attributable to teacher’s
non-use of verbal reinforcement strategy. Others found out that the attitude of
some teachers to their job is reflected in their poor attendance to lessons,
lateness to school, unsavory comments about pupil’s performance that could
damage their ego, poor method of teaching and the likes affect pupils’ academic
performance.
The question
therefore is what is the cause of this fallen standard and poor academic
performance of pupils? Is the fault entirely that of teachers or pupils or both
of them? Is it that pupils of today are non achievers because they have low
intelligent quotient and a good neutral mechanism to be able to act
purposefully, think rationally and deal effectively with academic tasks? Or of
is it because teachers are no longer putting in much commitment as before? Or
is it in teachers’ method of teaching and interaction with pupils? Or is the
poor performance of pupils caused by parents’ perception of the causes of poor
academic performance among primary
school students in Nigeria.
1.2 Statement of problem
The
differential scholastic achievement of students in Nigeria has been and still a
source of concern and research interest to educators, government and parents.
This is so because of the great importance that education has on the national
development of the country. All over the country, there is a consensus of
opinion about the fallen standard of education in Nigeria (Adebule, 2004).
Parents and government are in total agreement that their huge investment on
education is not yielding the desired dividend. Teachers also complain of
student’s low performance at both internal and external examination. This
problem are attributed to poor foundation from primary school due to poor
teaching standards as well as other factors such poor funding of education by
government as well as negligence by parents. It is against this constraints
that the researcher sees the subject matter as an empirical problem worthy of
investigation.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The central
objective of the study is to assess the factors responsible for the poor
academic performance in public primary schools. The specific objectives are:
i. Ascertain environmental factors as
causes of poor academic performance of pupils in primary schools in Gwagwalada
Area Council Abuja.
ii. Examine teachers factors as causes of
poor academic performance of pupils in primary schools in Gwagwalada Area
Council Abuja.
iii. Determine the attitudes of pupils as
causes of poor academic performance of pupils in primary schools in Gwagwalada
Area Council Abuja.
iv. Find out attitudes of parent as causes of
pupils poor academic performance in primary schools in Gwagwalada Area Council
Abuja.
1.4 Research Questions
This
research will attempt to answer the following questions:
i. Is the poor performance of pupils in
primary schools in Gwagwalada caused by environmental factors?
ii. Is the poor performance of pupils in
primary school Gwagwalada caused by teacher’s factors?
iii. Is the poor performance of pupils in
primary school Gwagwalada caused by teacher’s factors?
iv. Is the poor performance of pupils in
primary school Gwagwalada caused by the attitudes of parents?
1.5 Basic assumptions
From
the poor academic performance of the
pupils from public primary schools in Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja the
researcher based her assumption as follow:
i. The poor academic performance of pupils
in public primary schools in Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja is predicated on the
pupils’ study habits and attitudes to learning only.
ii. That the non-availability of instructional
and other facilities like classroom size furniture etc influences pupils
academic performance in public primary schools in Gwagwalada Area Council
Abuja. The pupil’s environment and regular visit of inspector of education
influence. The academic performance in public primary schools in the area of
study.
1.6 Significance of the study
The
justification of the study lies in the fact that it will bring out and correct
the factors that lead to poor academic performance in the public primary
schools. It will also help the government the non-go-environment agencies and
the society at large to know and appreciate their effort and give necessary
support for the improvement of teaching and learning in out primary
schools.
1.7 Scope of the study
This
research work covers an empirical study performance of pupils in public primary
schools in Gwagwalada Area Council Abuja. The study focused entirely on the
academic aspects of the schools. Therefore, the finding in this research work
is guided or dependent on information derived from the sample schools. The
study covers a period from 2006-2011.
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