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PARENTAL
SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS AFFECTING ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS
ABSTRACT
The research
study investigated and identified the parental socio-economic factors affecting
academic performance of students, a case study of Faculty of Education and
Extension Services. A self-developed questionnaire was used as the instrument
for data collection, it was found that, parent socio-economic status is one of
the major determinants of students’ performance, this is because considering
the dependency of students on parents for their educational responsibilities as
indicated that more than 60% of the respondents agreed that children educations
responsibility is relies on their parents. This means that the higher the
socio-economic status of the parents is the higher of achievement and success
of the children to be academically, unlike parents whom are in medium and low
socio-economic status; students who belong to them are likely to be affected on
their academic performance and achievements.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Background of the Study
Academic
performance, which is measured by the examination result, is one of the major
goals of schools. Hoyle (1986) argued that schools are established with the aim
of imparting knowledge and skills to those who go through them and behind all
this is the idea of enhancing good academic performance. The economy of a
nation determines to a great extent the type, content and method of education a
country provides for its citizens. This therefore means that, rich countries of
the world have complex system of education because they have resources for
effective implementation of the system. The economic status of the family also
is a
significant
variable or factors that affect the educational life chance of a child. This
therefore means the higher the economic status of parents the higher the
educational life chances of the child from such family (Mahuta, 2007).
Education is
the process by which a person’s mind and character are developed through
teaching. Education is the earliest and largest industry in society it includes
students, teachers, administrator and other staff who participates in the
institutions everywhere. Ivan Klich (1973) states that education should be a
liberating experience in which the individual expose create uses his
initiatives and judgment and freely develops his faculties and talents to the
full. In this respect, the need for effective academic performance of students
cannot be over emphasized in any educational institution, primary, secondary
and university. It is the performance of students that enable us to measure the
standard of the schools.
The formal education
of a child is co-operative venture between the school and the home since each
exerts considerable influence on the child. The school is represented by school
personnel that is, teachers, headmasters and school administration while the
home is represented by parents and guardians (Eunice, 1991& Griffith,
1968). The issue of academic performance has increasingly become a matter of
great concern for all and much of interest particularly to the parents and
educationalist. Various reasons have been advanced by researchers for this
deteriorating performance in school. Some of them view that the reason for lack
of qualified teachers, text books and poor planning of curriculum. In addition,
education is the bedrock of development, without education, there will be no
meaningful development.
In Nigerian
Colleges of Education, Polytechnics and Universities, the economic position of
an individual in addition to their attitude towards education may to a large
extent determine the level of their academic performance in schools. This
project is therefore going to examine and analyses parental socio-economic
factors affecting academic performance of students in Faculty of Education and
Extension Services, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto.
1.1 Statement of the Problem
The core
issue of the research work is to investigate into the effects of parents
socio-economic background on their children’s academic performance in school.
Over the years, it has been observed that the poor performance of some children
may have a strong connection with their socio-economic status
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